<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="vertical" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@vertical+block@d0d804e8863c4a95a659c04d8a2b2bc0" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@html+block@78d7d3642f3a4dbabbd1b017861aa5f2">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="html" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@html+block@78d7d3642f3a4dbabbd1b017861aa5f2" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<div>
<h2>Lesson 2: Let's Get INTERACTIVE!</h2>
</div>
<div>
<p><img src="/assets/courseware/v1/f06d44e1e07c6f99180f68089e2ed237/asset-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@asset+block/interactive_x250.png" alt="Interactive" width="250" hspace="12" vspace="12" border="0" align="right" />Now that you know your way around an edX course let's look at some of the exciting interactive tools you may encounter. Use the learning sequence above to explore. </p>
<p>Once you have tried the interactive tools in this lesson, make sure to check out the week 2 homework where we show you several of the really cool interactive labs we’ve created for past courses. They’re fun to play with. Many courses will have tools and labs that you need to use to complete homework assignments.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function (require) {
require(['/static/js/dateutil_factory.be68acdff619.js?raw'], function () {
require(['js/dateutil_factory'], function (DateUtilFactory) {
DateUtilFactory.transform('.localized-datetime');
});
});
}).call(this, require || RequireJS.require);
</script>
<script>
function emit_event(message) {
parent.postMessage(message, '*');
}
</script>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="vertical" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@vertical+block@vertical_2dbb0072785e" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@html+block@html_07d547513285">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="html" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@html+block@html_07d547513285" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<div>
<div>
<p> AN INTERACTIVE REFERENCE TABLE</p>
<p>This Interactive Periodic Table of the Elements is found in <a style="font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.6em;" href="/courses/MITx/3.091x/2013_Spring/periodic_table/"> 3.091x: Introduction to Solid State Chemistry</a>. The table reveals the detailed properties of each element as you mouse over them. By using digital tools such as this, the learning process is easier and more fun than by traditional learning! </p>
</div>
<div id="periodic-table-wrapper">
<link href="/assets/courseware/v1/443200503c4eaf12f16ab1285a59faf1/asset-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@asset+block/periodic-table.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="/assets/courseware/v1/64a0408d805e6be781f3cd9958a71889/asset-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@asset+block/periodic-table-colors.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<table id="periodic-table" class="atomic_weight">
<tr class="header">
<td class="cell"><dl class="filler"/></td>
<td class="filler" rowspan="2"/>
<td class="showcase" colspan="4" rowspan="4">
<dl>
<dd class="value" data-id="atomic_number">
1
</dd>
<dd class="value" data-id="symbol">
H
</dd>
<dd class="value" data-id="name">
Hydrogen
</dd>
<dd class="property">
<span class="value" data-id="atomic_weight">
1.00794
</span>
<span class="units">
g/mol
</span>
</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="properties" colspan="6" rowspan="4">
<dl>
<dt class="name active" data-id="atomic_weight" data-name="Atomic Weight" data-units="g/mol" data-min="" data-max="">
Atomic Weight
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="atomic_weight">
1.00794
</span>
<span class="units">
g/mol
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="atomic_volume" data-name="Atomic Volume" data-units="cm³/mol" data-min="" data-max="">
Atomic Volume
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="atomic_volume">
14.1
</span>
<span class="units">
cm³/mol
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="ionic_radius" data-name="Ionic Radius" data-units="pm" data-min="" data-max="">
Ionic Radius
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="ionic_radius">
-
</span>
<span class="units">
pm
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="density" data-name="Density" data-units="g/cm³" data-min="" data-max="">
Density
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="density">
0.0899
</span>
<span class="units">
g/cm³
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="melting_point" data-name="Melting Point" data-units="C" data-min="" data-max="">
Melting Point
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="melting_point">
-259.34
</span>
<span class="units">
C
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="boiling_point" data-name="Boiling Point" data-units="C" data-min="" data-max="">
Boiling Point
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="boiling_point">
-252.87
</span>
<span class="units">
C
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="polarizability" data-name="Polarizability" data-units="" data-min="" data-max="">
Polarizability
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="polarizability">
0.667
</span>
<span class="units">
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="electronegativity" data-name="Electronegativity" data-units="" data-min="" data-max="">
Electronegativity
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="electronegativity">
2.2
</span>
<span class="units">
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="first_ionization_potential" data-name="First Ionization Potential" data-units="eV" data-min="" data-max="">
First Ionization Potential
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="first_ionization_potential">
13.598
</span>
<span class="units">
eV
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="crystal_structure" data-name="Crystal Structure" data-units="" data-min="" data-max="">
Crystal Structure
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="crystal_structure">
Hex
</span>
<span class="units">
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="oxidation_states" data-name="Oxidation States" data-units="" data-min="" data-max="">
Oxidation States
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="oxidation_states">
1
</span>
<span class="units">
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="electronic_configuration" data-name="Electronic Configuration" data-units="" data-min="" data-max="">
Electronic Configuration
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="electronic_configuration">
1s¹
</span>
<span class="units">
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="enthalpy_of_fusion" data-name="Enthalpy of Fusion" data-units="kJ/mol" data-min="" data-max="">
Enthalpy of Fusion
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="enthalpy_of_fusion">
0.0586
</span>
<span class="units">
kJ/mol
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="enthalpy_of_vaporization" data-name="Enthalpy of Vaporization" data-units="kJ/mol" data-min="" data-max="">
Enthalpy of Vaporization
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="enthalpy_of_vaporization">
0.449
</span>
<span class="units">
kJ/mol
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="covalent_radius" data-name="Covalent Radius" data-units="Å" data-min="" data-max="">
Covalent Radius
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="covalent_radius">
0.32
</span>
<span class="units">
Å
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="thermal_conductivity" data-name="Thermal Conductivity" data-units="W⋅cm⁻¹⋅K⁻¹" data-min="" data-max="">
Thermal Conductivity
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="thermal_conductivity">
0.001815
</span>
<span class="units">
W⋅cm⁻¹⋅K⁻¹
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="specific_heat_capacity" data-name="Specific Heat Capacity" data-units="J⋅g⁻¹⋅K⁻¹" data-min="" data-max="">
Specific Heat Capacity
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="specific_heat_capacity">
14.304
</span>
<span class="units">
J⋅g⁻¹⋅K⁻¹
</span>
</dd>
<dt class="name " data-id="enthalpy_of_atomization" data-name="Enthalpy of Atomization" data-units="kJ/mol" data-min="" data-max="">
Enthalpy of Atomization
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="value" data-id="enthalpy_of_atomization">
217.57
</span>
<span class="units">
kJ/mol
</span>
</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="filler" colspan="5" rowspan="2"/>
<td class="cell"><dl class="filler"/></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-1">
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-1 column-1" itemscope itemid="H">
<dd itemprop="name">Hydrogen</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">H</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">1</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">1.00794</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">14.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">0.0899</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-259.34</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-252.87</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">13.598</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">1s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">0.667</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">0.0586</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">0.449</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.32</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.001815</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">14.304</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">217.57</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">1</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-1 column-18" itemscope itemid="He">
<dd itemprop="name">Helium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">He</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">2</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">4.002602</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">31.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">0.1785</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-272.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-268.93</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">24.587</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">1s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">0.205</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">0.0829</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.00152</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">5.193</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">18</dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-2">
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-2 column-1" itemscope itemid="Li">
<dd itemprop="name">Lithium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Li</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">3</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">6.941</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">13</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">0.534</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">180.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1342</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.392</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">0.98</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[He]2s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">24.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">76</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">3.00</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">134.68</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.23</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.848</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">3.582</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">160.67</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">1</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-2 column-2" itemscope itemid="Be">
<dd itemprop="name">Beryllium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Be</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">4</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">9.012182</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">4.88</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.8477</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1287</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2471</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">9.322</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.57</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[He]2s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">5.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">27</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">11.72</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">294.66</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.89</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">2.01</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">1.825</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">326.35</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">2</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-2 column-13" itemscope itemid="B">
<dd itemprop="name">Boron</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">B</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">5</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">10.811</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">4.68</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">2.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">2075</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4000</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">8.298</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[He]2s²p¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">3.03</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">11</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Rhom</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">22.18</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">480</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.82</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.274</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">1.026</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">573.21</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">13</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-2 column-14" itemscope itemid="C">
<dd itemprop="name">Carbon</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">C</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">6</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">12.011</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">5.34</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">2.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">4492</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3825</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">11.26</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.55</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[He]2s²p²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,+/-4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">1.76</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">104.60</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">716.72</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.77</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.2-1.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.709</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">14</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-2 column-15" itemscope itemid="N">
<dd itemprop="name">Nitrogen</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">N</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">7</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">14.00674</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">17.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.25046</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-210</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-195.79</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">14.534</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">3.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[He]2s²p³</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,+/-3,4,5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">1.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">146</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">0.3605</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">2.79</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.75</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.0002598</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">1.040</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">472.79</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">15</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-2 column-16" itemscope itemid="O">
<dd itemprop="name">Oxygen</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">O</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">8</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">15.9994</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">14</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.429</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-218.79</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-182.95</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">13.618</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">3.44</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[He]2s²p⁴</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">0.802</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">138</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">SC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">0.2224</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">3.41</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.73</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.0002575</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.918</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">249.37</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">16</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-2 column-17" itemscope itemid="F">
<dd itemprop="name">Fluorine</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">F</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">9</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">18.9984032</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">17.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.69</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-219.62</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-188.12</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">17.422</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">3.98</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[He]2s²p⁵</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-1</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">0.557</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">131</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">SC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">0.255</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">3.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.72</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.000279</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.824</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">79.08</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">17</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-2 column-18" itemscope itemid="Ne">
<dd itemprop="name">Neon</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ne</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">10</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">20.1797</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">16.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">0.9002</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-248.59</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-246.08</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">21.564</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[He]2s²p⁶</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">0.396</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">0.3347</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">1.71</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.71</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.000493</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">1.03</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">18</dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-3">
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-3 column-1" itemscope itemid="Na">
<dd itemprop="name">Sodium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Na</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">11</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">22.989768</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">23.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">0.97</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">97.72</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">883</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.139</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">0.93</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ne]3s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">23.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">102</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">2.594</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">89.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.54</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.42</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">1.228</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">108.37</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">1</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-3 column-2" itemscope itemid="Mg">
<dd itemprop="name">Magnesium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Mg</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">12</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">24.305</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">13.97</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.74</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">650</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1090</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.646</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ne]3s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">10.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">72</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">11.72</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">294.66</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.36</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.56</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">1.023</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">148.53</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">2</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-3 column-13" itemscope itemid="Al">
<dd itemprop="name">Aluminum</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Al</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">13</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">26.981539</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">9.99</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">2.702</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">660.32</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2519</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.986</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.61</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ne]3s²p¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">6.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">54</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">10.669</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">293.72</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.18</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">2.37</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.897</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">322.17</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">13</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-3 column-14" itemscope itemid="Si">
<dd itemprop="name">Silicon</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Si</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">14</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">28.0855</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">12.05</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">2.33</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1414</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3265</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">8.151</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ne]3s²p²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">5.38</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">40</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">46.44</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">439</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.11</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.49</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.705</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">439.32</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">14</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-3 column-15" itemscope itemid="P">
<dd itemprop="name">Phosphorus</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">P</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">15</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">30.973762</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">17</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.82</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">44.15</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">277</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">10.486</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.19</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ne]3s²p³</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">+/-3,4,5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">3.63</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">17</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">0.628</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">12.43</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.06</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.00236</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.769</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">314.64</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">15</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-3 column-16" itemscope itemid="S">
<dd itemprop="name">Sulfur</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">S</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">16</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">32.066</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">15.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">2.07</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">115.21</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">444.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">10.36</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.58</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ne]3s²p⁴</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">+/-2,4,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">2.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">184</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Ortho</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">1.72</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">9.62</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.02</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.00270</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.71</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">278.65</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">16</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-3 column-17" itemscope itemid="Cl">
<dd itemprop="name">Chlorine</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Cl</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">17</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">35.4527</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">18.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">3.214</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-101.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-34.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">12.967</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">3.16</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ne]3s²p⁵</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">+/-1,3,5,7</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">2.18</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">181</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Ortho</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">3.38</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">10.21</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.99</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.000089</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.479</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">121.75</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">17</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-3 column-18" itemscope itemid="Ar">
<dd itemprop="name">Argon</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ar</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">18</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">39.948</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">24.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.784</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-189.35</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-185.85</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">15.759</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ne]3s²p⁶</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">1.64</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">1.176</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">6.43</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">0.98</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.0001772</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.52</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">18</dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-4">
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-1" itemscope itemid="K">
<dd itemprop="name">Potassium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">K</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">19</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">39.0983</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">45.46</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">0.86</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">63.38</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">759</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">4.341</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">0.82</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]4s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">43.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">138</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">2.32</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">77.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">2.03</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.025</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.757</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">89.54</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">1</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-2" itemscope itemid="Ca">
<dd itemprop="name">Calcium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ca</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">20</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">40.078</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">26.02</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.54</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">842</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1484</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.113</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]4s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">22.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">100</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">8.54</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">150</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.74</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">2.01</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.647</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">184</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">2</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-3" itemscope itemid="Sc">
<dd itemprop="name">Scandium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Sc</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">21</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">44.95591</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">15.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">2.989</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1541</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2830</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.54</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.36</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d¹4s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">17.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">75</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">14.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">314.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.44</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.158</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.568</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">343</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">3</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-4" itemscope itemid="Ti">
<dd itemprop="name">Titanium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ti</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">22</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">47.88</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">10.64</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">4.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1668</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3287</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.82</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.54</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d²4s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">14.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">67</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">15.481</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">429</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.32</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.219</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.523</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">468.61</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">4</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-5" itemscope itemid="V">
<dd itemprop="name">Vanadium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">V</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">23</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">50.9415</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">8.55</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">5.96</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1910</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3407</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.74</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.63</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d³4s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3,4,5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">12.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">64</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">17.573</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">458.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.22</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.307</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.489</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">514.63</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">5</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-6" itemscope itemid="Cr">
<dd itemprop="name">Chromium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Cr</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">24</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">51.9961</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">7.78</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1907</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2671</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.766</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.66</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d⁵4s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">11.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">62</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">15.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">348.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.18</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.939</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.449</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">397.48</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">6</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-7" itemscope itemid="Mn">
<dd itemprop="name">Manganese</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Mn</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">25</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">54.93805</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">7.35</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7.47</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1246</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2061</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.435</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.55</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d⁵4s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3,4,6,7</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">9.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">65</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">14.644</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">219.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.17</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.0781</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.479</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">280.33</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">7</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-8" itemscope itemid="Fe">
<dd itemprop="name">Iron</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Fe</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">26</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">55.847</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">7.11</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7.86</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1538</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2861</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.87</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.83</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d⁶4s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">8.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">78</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">14.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">351.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.17</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.804</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.449</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">414.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">8</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-9" itemscope itemid="Co">
<dd itemprop="name">Cobalt</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Co</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">27</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">58.9332</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">6.61</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">8.92</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1495</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2927</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.86</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.88</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d⁷4s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">7.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">75</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">15.23</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">382.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.16</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.00</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.421</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">426.77</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">9</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-10" itemscope itemid="Ni">
<dd itemprop="name">Nickel</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ni</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">28</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">58.6934</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">6.59</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">8.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1455</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2913</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.635</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.91</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d⁸4s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">6.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">69</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">17.57</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">371.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.15</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.909</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.444</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">422.58</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">10</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-11" itemscope itemid="Cu">
<dd itemprop="name">Copper</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Cu</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">29</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">63.546</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">7.11</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">8.94</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1084.62</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2562</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.726</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d¹⁰4s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1,2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">6.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">65</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">13.012</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">304.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.17</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">4.01</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.385</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">338.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">11</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-12" itemscope itemid="Zn">
<dd itemprop="name">Zinc</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Zn</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">30</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">65.39</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">9.16</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7.14</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">419.53</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">907</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">9.394</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.65</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">7.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">74</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">7.32</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">115.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.16</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.388</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">129.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">12</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-13" itemscope itemid="Ga">
<dd itemprop="name">Gallium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ga</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">31</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">69.723</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">11.44</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">6.095</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">29.76</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2204</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.999</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.81</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">8.12</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">62</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Ortho</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">5.59</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">256.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.26</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.281</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.371</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">276.14</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">13</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-14" itemscope itemid="Ge">
<dd itemprop="name">Germanium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ge</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">32</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">72.61</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">13.57</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">5.35</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">938.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2833</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.899</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.01</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">6.07</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">53</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">34.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">334.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.22</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.602</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.32</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">376.56</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">14</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-15" itemscope itemid="As">
<dd itemprop="name">Arsenic</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">As</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">33</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">74.92159</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">13.08</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">5.727</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">817</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">614</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">9.81</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.18</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p³</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">+/-3,5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">4.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">46</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Rhom</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">24.44</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">34.76</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.502</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.329</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">301.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">15</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-16" itemscope itemid="Se">
<dd itemprop="name">Selenium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Se</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">34</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">78.96</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">16.42</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">4.81</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">221</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">685</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">9.752</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.55</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p⁴</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-2,4,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">3.77</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">198</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">6.69</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">26.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.17</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.048</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.321</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">205.85</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">16</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-17" itemscope itemid="Br">
<dd itemprop="name">Bromine</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Br</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">35</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">79.904</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">25.62</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">3.119</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-7.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">58.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">11.814</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.96</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p⁵</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">+/-1,5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">3.05</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">196</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Ortho</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">5.285</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">15.46</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.14</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.00122</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.226</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">111.71</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">17</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-4 column-18" itemscope itemid="Kr">
<dd itemprop="name">Krypton</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Kr</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">36</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">83.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">32.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">3.74</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-157.36</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-153.22</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">13.999</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p⁶</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">2.48</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">1.636</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">9.03</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.12</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.0000949</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.248</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">18</dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-5">
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-1" itemscope itemid="Rb">
<dd itemprop="name">Rubidium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Rb</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">37</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">85.4678</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">55.79</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.532</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">39.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">688</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">4.177</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">0.82</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]5s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">47.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">152</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">2.19</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">69.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">2.16</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.582</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.363</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">82</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">1</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-2" itemscope itemid="Sr">
<dd itemprop="name">Strontium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Sr</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">38</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">87.62</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">33.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">2.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">777</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1382</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.695</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">0.95</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]5s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">27.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">118</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">9.16</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">150</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.91</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.354</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.301</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">163.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">2</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-3" itemscope itemid="Y">
<dd itemprop="name">Yttrium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Y</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">39</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">88.90585</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">19.89</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">4.469</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1526</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3336</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.38</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.22</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹5s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">22.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">17.15</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">393</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.62</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.172</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.298</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">418</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">3</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-4" itemscope itemid="Zr">
<dd itemprop="name">Zirconium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Zr</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">40</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">91.224</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">14.06</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">6.49</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1855</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4409</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.84</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.33</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d²5s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">17.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">72</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">20.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">581.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.45</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.227</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.278</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">598</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">4</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-5" itemscope itemid="Nb">
<dd itemprop="name">Niobium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Nb</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">41</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">92.90638</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">10.84</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">8.57</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">2477</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4744</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d⁴5s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">15.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">68</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">27.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">696.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.34</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.537</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.265</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">745</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">5</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-6" itemscope itemid="Mo">
<dd itemprop="name">Molybdenum</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Mo</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">42</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">95.94</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">9.41</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">10.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">2623</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4639</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.099</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.16</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d⁵5s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3,4,5,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">12.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">59</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">27.61</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">594.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.38</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.251</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">653</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">6</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-7" itemscope itemid="Tc">
<dd itemprop="name">Technetium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Tc</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">43</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">97.9072</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">8.51</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">11.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">2157</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4265</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.28</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d⁵5s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">11.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">65</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">23.01</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">660</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.27</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.506</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.21</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">649</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">7</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-8" itemscope itemid="Ru">
<dd itemprop="name">Ruthenium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ru</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">44</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">101.07</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">8.22</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">12.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">2334</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4150</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.37</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d⁷5s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3,4,6,8</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">9.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">68</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">25.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">567.77</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.17</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.238</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">603</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">8</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-9" itemscope itemid="Rh">
<dd itemprop="name">Rhodium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Rh</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">45</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">102.9055</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">8.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">12.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1964</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3695</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.46</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.28</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d⁸5s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">8.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">67</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">21.76</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">495.39</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.243</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">556.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">9</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-10" itemscope itemid="Pd">
<dd itemprop="name">Palladium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Pd</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">46</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">106.42</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">8.85</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">12.02</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1554.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2963</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">8.34</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹⁰</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">4.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">86</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">16.74</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">376.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.28</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.718</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.244</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">393.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">10</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-11" itemscope itemid="Ag">
<dd itemprop="name">Silver</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ag</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">47</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">107.8682</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">10.27</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">10.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">961.78</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2162</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.576</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.93</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹⁰5s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">7.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">115</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">11.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">255.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.34</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">4.29</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.235</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">284.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">11</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-12" itemscope itemid="Cd">
<dd itemprop="name">Cadmium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Cd</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">48</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">112.411</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">13.01</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">8.642</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">321.07</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">767</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">8.993</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.69</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">7.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">95</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">6.19</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">100</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.48</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.969</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.232</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">113</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">12</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-13" itemscope itemid="In">
<dd itemprop="name">Indium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">In</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">49</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">114.818</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">15.73</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">156.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2072</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.786</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.78</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">10.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">80</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Tet</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">3.28</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">226.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.44</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.818</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.233</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">242.67</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">13</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-14" itemscope itemid="Sn">
<dd itemprop="name">Tin</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Sn</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">50</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">118.71</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">16.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7.28</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">231.93</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2602</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.344</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.96</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">7.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">69</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Tet</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">7.03</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">290.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.668</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.228</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">301.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">14</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-15" itemscope itemid="Sb">
<dd itemprop="name">Antimony</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Sb</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">51</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">121.757</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">18.22</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">6.684</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">630.63</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1587</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">8.641</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.05</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p³</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">+/-3,5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">6.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">76</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Rhom</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">19.87</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">67.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.244</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.207</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">263.59</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">15</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-16" itemscope itemid="Te">
<dd itemprop="name">Tellurium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Te</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">52</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">127.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">20.42</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">6.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">449.51</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">988</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">9.009</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p⁴</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-2,4,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">5.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">221</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">17.49</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">50.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.36</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.0338</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.202</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">190.37</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">16</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-17" itemscope itemid="I">
<dd itemprop="name">Iodine</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">I</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">53</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">126.90447</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">25.74</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">4.93</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">113.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">184.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">10.451</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.66</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p⁵</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">+/-1,5,7</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">5.35</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">220</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Ortho</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">7.76</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">20.88</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.33</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.00449</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.145</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">106.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">17</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-5 column-18" itemscope itemid="Xe">
<dd itemprop="name">Xenon</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Xe</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">54</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">131.29</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">42.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">5.89</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-111.75</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-108.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">12.13</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p⁶</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">4.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">2.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">12.64</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.0000569</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.158</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">18</dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-6">
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-1" itemscope itemid="Cs">
<dd itemprop="name">Cesium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Cs</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">55</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">132.90543</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">70.73</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">1.879</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">28.44</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">671</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">3.894</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">0.79</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]6s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">59.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">167</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">2.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">65.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">2.35</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.359</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.242</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">78.24</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">1</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-2" itemscope itemid="Ba">
<dd itemprop="name">Barium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ba</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">56</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">137.327</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">38.21</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">3.594</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">727</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1897</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.212</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">0.89</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">39.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">135</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">7.66</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">140</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.98</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.184</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.204</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">175.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">2</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-3" itemscope itemid="La">
<dd itemprop="name">Lanthanum</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">La</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">57</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">138.9055</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">22.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">6.146</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">920</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3455</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.577</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration"> [Xe]5d¹6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">31.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">103</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">6.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">399.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.69</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.134</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.195</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">431</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">3</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-4" itemscope itemid="Hf">
<dd itemprop="name">Hafnium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Hf</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">72</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">178.49</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">13.41</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">13.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">2233</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4603</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d²6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">16.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">71</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">25.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">661.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.44</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.23</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.144</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">703</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">4</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-5" itemscope itemid="Ta">
<dd itemprop="name">Tantalum</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ta</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">73</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">180.9479</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">10.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">16.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">3017</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">5458</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.89</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d³6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">13.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">72</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">31.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">753.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.34</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.575</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.14</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">782</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">5</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-6" itemscope itemid="W">
<dd itemprop="name">Tungsten</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">W</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">74</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">183.84</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">9.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">19.35</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">3422</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">5555</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.98</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.36</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁴6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3,4,5,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">11.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">42</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">35.23</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">799.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.73</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.132</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">837</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">6</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-7" itemscope itemid="Re">
<dd itemprop="name">Rhenium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Re</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">75</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">186.207</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">9.07</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">20.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">3186</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">5596</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.88</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁵6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-1,2,4,6,7</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">9.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">63</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">33.05</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">707.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.28</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.48</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.137</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">791</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">7</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-8" itemscope itemid="Os">
<dd itemprop="name">Osmium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Os</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">76</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">190.23</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">8.41</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">22.61</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">3033</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">5012</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">8.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁶6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3,4,6,8</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">8.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">63</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">29.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">627.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.26</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.876</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.13</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">669</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">8</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-9" itemscope itemid="Ir">
<dd itemprop="name">Iridium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ir</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">77</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">192.22</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">8.49</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">22.65</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">2446</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4428</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">9.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁷6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3,4,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">7.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">68</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">26.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">563.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.27</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">1.47</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.131</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">628</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">9</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-10" itemscope itemid="Pt">
<dd itemprop="name">Platinum</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Pt</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">78</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">195.08</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">9.09</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">21.45</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1768.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3825</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.28</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁹6s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">6.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">80</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">19.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">510.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.716</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.133</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">565</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">10</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-11" itemscope itemid="Au">
<dd itemprop="name">Gold</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Au</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">79</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">196.96654</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">10.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">19.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1064.18</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2856</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">9.225</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.54</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">5.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">137</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">12.55</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">324.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.34</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">3.18</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.129</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">364</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">11</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-12" itemscope itemid="Hg">
<dd itemprop="name">Mercury</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Hg</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">80</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">200.59</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">14.81</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">13.546</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-38.83</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">356.73</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">10.437</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1,2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">5.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">102</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Rhom</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">2.29</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">56.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.49</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.083</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.14</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">61.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">12</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-13" itemscope itemid="Tl">
<dd itemprop="name">Thallium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Tl</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">81</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">204.3833</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">17.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">11.85</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">304</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1473</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.108</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">7.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">150</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">4.27</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">162.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.48</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.461</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.129</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">179.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">13</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-14" itemscope itemid="Pb">
<dd itemprop="name">Lead</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Pb</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">82</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">207.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">18.27</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">11.34</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">327.46</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1749</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.416</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.33</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">6.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">119</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">4.77</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">179.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.47</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.353</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.129</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">194.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">14</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-15" itemscope itemid="Bi">
<dd itemprop="name">Bismuth</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Bi</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">83</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">208.98037</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">21.37</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">9.78</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">271.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1564</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">7.289</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.02</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p³</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">7.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">103</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Rhom</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">10.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">151</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.46</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.0792</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.122</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">207.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">15</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-16" itemscope itemid="Po">
<dd itemprop="name">Polonium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Po</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">84</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">208.9824</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">22.73</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">9.196</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">254</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">962</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">8.42</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p⁴</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">6.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">94</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">SC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">60.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.46</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">134</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">16</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-17" itemscope itemid="At">
<dd itemprop="name">Astatine</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">At</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">85</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">209.9871</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">302</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">337</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">2.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p⁵</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">+/-1,3,5,7</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">62</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.45</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.017</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">92</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">17</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-6 column-18" itemscope itemid="Rn">
<dd itemprop="name">Radon</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Rn</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">86</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">222.0176</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">50.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">9.73</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-71</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-61.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">10.748</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p⁶</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">5.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">2.89</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">16.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.0000364</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.094</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">6</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">18</dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-7">
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-1" itemscope itemid="Fr">
<dd itemprop="name">Francium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Fr</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">87</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">223.0197</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">27</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">677</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">0.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]7s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">1</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">48.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">180</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.15</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">71</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">1</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-2" itemscope itemid="Ra">
<dd itemprop="name">Radium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ra</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">88</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">226.0254</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">39</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">5.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">700</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1140</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.279</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">0.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">38.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">148</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.186</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">163</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">2</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-3" itemscope itemid="Ac">
<dd itemprop="name">Actinium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ac</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">89</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">227.0278</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">22.54</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">10.07</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1051</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3198</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]6d¹7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">32.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">112</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.12</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.12</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">301</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">3</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-4" itemscope itemid="Rf">
<dd itemprop="name">Rutherfordium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Rf</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">104</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">261</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d²7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.23</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">4</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-5" itemscope itemid="Db">
<dd itemprop="name">Dubnium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Db</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">105</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">262</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d³7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.58</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">5</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-6" itemscope itemid="Sg">
<dd itemprop="name">Seaborgium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Sg</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">106</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">263</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁴7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">6</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-7" itemscope itemid="Bh">
<dd itemprop="name">Bohrium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Bh</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">107</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">262</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁵7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">7</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-8" itemscope itemid="Hs">
<dd itemprop="name">Hassium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Hs</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">108</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">265</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁶7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">8</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-9" itemscope itemid="Mt">
<dd itemprop="name">Meitnerium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Mt</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">109</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">266</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁷7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">9</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-10" itemscope itemid="Uun">
<dd itemprop="name">Ununnilium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Uun</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">110</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">269</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁹7s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">10</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-11" itemscope itemid="Uuu">
<dd itemprop="name">Unununium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Uuu</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">111</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">272</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s¹</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">11</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-12" itemscope itemid="Uub">
<dd itemprop="name">Ununbium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Uub</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">112</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">277</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">12</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-13" itemscope itemid="Uut">
<dd itemprop="name">Ununtrium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Uut</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">113</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">13</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-14" itemscope itemid="Uuq">
<dd itemprop="name">Ununquadium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Uuq</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">114</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">285</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s²7p²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">14</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-15" itemscope itemid="Uup">
<dd itemprop="name">Ununpentium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Uup</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">115</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">15</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-16" itemscope itemid="Uuh">
<dd itemprop="name">Ununhexium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Uuh</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">116</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">289</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s²7p⁴</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">16</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-17" itemscope itemid="Uus">
<dd itemprop="name">Ununseptium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Uus</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">117</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">17</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-7 column-18" itemscope itemid="Uuo">
<dd itemprop="name">Ununoctium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Uuo</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">118</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">293</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s²7p⁶</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">18</dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-8">
<td colspan="4"/><dl class="filler"/></td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-5" itemscope itemid="Ce">
<dd itemprop="name">Cerium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ce</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">58</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">140.115</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">20.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">6.77</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">799</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3424</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.466</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.12</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹5d¹6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">29.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">101</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">5.46</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">414</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.65</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.113</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.192</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">381</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">5</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-6" itemscope itemid="Pr">
<dd itemprop="name">Praseodymium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Pr</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">59</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">140.90765</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">20.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">6.773</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">931</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3510</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.422</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.13</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f³6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">28.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">99</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">6.89</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">296.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.64</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.125</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.193</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">368</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">6</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-7" itemscope itemid="Nd">
<dd itemprop="name">Neodymium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Nd</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">60</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">144.24</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">20.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1016</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3066</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.489</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.14</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f⁴6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">31.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">111</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">7.14</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">273</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.64</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.165</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.19</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">322</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">7</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-8" itemscope itemid="Pm">
<dd itemprop="name">Promethium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Pm</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">61</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">144.9127</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">19.95</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7.264</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1042</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3000</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.554</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.13</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f⁵6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">30.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">97</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">7.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.63</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.179</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">310</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">8</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-9" itemscope itemid="Sm">
<dd itemprop="name">Samarium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Sm</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">62</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">150.36</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">19.95</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7.536</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1072</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1790</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.631</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.17</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f⁶6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">28.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">96</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Rhom</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">8.62</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">166.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.62</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.133</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.197</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">209</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">9</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-10" itemscope itemid="Eu">
<dd itemprop="name">Europium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Eu</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">63</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">151.965</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">28.98</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">5.244</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">822</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1596</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.666</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f⁷6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">27.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">117</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">BCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">9.21</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">143.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.85</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.139</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.182</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">180</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">10</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-11" itemscope itemid="Gd">
<dd itemprop="name">Gadolinium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Gd</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">64</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">157.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">19.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">7.901</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1314</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3264</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.141</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f⁷5d¹6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">23.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">94</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">10.05</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">359.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.62</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.104</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.236</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">352</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">11</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-12" itemscope itemid="Tb">
<dd itemprop="name">Terbium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Tb</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">65</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">158.92534</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">19.31</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">8.23</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1359</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3221</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.842</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f⁹6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">25.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">92</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">10.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">330.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.61</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.111</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.182</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">314</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">12</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-13" itemscope itemid="Dy">
<dd itemprop="name">Dysprosium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Dy</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">66</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">162.50</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">19</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">8.551</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1411</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2561</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.927</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.22</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁰6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">24.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">107</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">11.05</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">230</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.107</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.173</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">301</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">13</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-14" itemscope itemid="Ho">
<dd itemprop="name">Holmium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Ho</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">67</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">164.93032</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">18.74</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">8.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1472</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2694</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.018</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.23</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹16s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">23.6</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">90</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">11.76</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">241</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.58</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.162</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.165</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">301</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">14</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-15" itemscope itemid="Er">
<dd itemprop="name">Erbium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Er</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">68</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">167.26</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">18.45</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">9.066</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1529</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2862</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.101</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.24</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹26s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">22.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">89</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">17.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">261</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.58</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.145</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.168</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">314</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">15</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-16" itemscope itemid="Tm">
<dd itemprop="name">Thulium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Tm</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">69</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">168.93421</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">18.12</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">9.321</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1545</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1946</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.18436</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.25</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹36s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">21.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">103</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">16.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">191</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.58</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.169</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.16</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">247</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">16</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-17" itemscope itemid="Yb">
<dd itemprop="name">Ytterbium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Yb</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">70</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">173.04</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">24.84</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">6.966</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">824</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">1194</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.25394</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">21</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">87</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">7.66</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">128.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.74</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.349</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.155</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">180</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">17</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-8 column-18" itemscope itemid="Lu">
<dd itemprop="name">Lutetium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Lu</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">71</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">174.967</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">17.78</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">9.84</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1663</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3393</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.42589</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.27</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹6s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">21.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">86</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">18.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">355.9</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.56</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.164</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.154</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">398</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">8</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">18</dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-9">
<td colspan="4"/><dl class="filler"/></td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-5" itemscope itemid="Th">
<dd itemprop="name">Thorium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Th</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">90</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">232.0381</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">19.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">11.72</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1750</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4788</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.08</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]6d²7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">32.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">109</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">FCC</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">15.65</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">543.92</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.65</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.54</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.113</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">565</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">5</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-6" itemscope itemid="Pa">
<dd itemprop="name">Protactinium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Pa</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">91</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">231.03588</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">15.03</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">15.37</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1572</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.89</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f²6d¹7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">4,5</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">25.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">104</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Ortho</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">12.34</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">6</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-7" itemscope itemid="U">
<dd itemprop="name">Uranium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">U</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">92</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">238.0289</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">12.49</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">19.05</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1135</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">4131</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.05</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.38</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f³6d¹7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,4,5,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">27.4</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">100</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Ortho</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">15.48</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">477</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">1.42</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.275</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.116</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">489.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">7</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-8" itemscope itemid="Np">
<dd itemprop="name">Neptunium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Np</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">93</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">237.0482</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">11.59</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">20.45</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">644</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.19</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.36</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f⁴6d¹7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,4,5,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">24.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">110</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Ortho</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">3.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.063</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.12</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">8</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-9" itemscope itemid="Pu">
<dd itemprop="name">Plutonium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Pu</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">94</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">244.0642</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">12.32</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">19.816</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">640</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">3228</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.28</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f⁶7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,4,5,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">24.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">100</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Mono</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">2.82</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">344</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.067</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.13</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">360</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">9</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-10" itemscope itemid="Am">
<dd itemprop="name">Americium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Am</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">95</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">243.0614</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">17.78</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">13.67</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1176</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">2607</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">5.993</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f⁷7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,4,5,6</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">23.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">97.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">14.39</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">0.11</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">268</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">10</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-11" itemscope itemid="Cm">
<dd itemprop="name">Curium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Cm</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">96</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">247.0703</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">18.29</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">13.51</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1345</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.02</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f⁷6d¹7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">23</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">97</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">15</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">11</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-12" itemscope itemid="Bk">
<dd itemprop="name">Berkelium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Bk</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">97</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">247.0703</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">14.78</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1050</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.23</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f⁹7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3,4</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">22.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">96</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">12</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-13" itemscope itemid="Cf">
<dd itemprop="name">Californium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Cf</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">98</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">251.0796</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">900</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁰7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">20.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">95</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">13</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-14" itemscope itemid="Es">
<dd itemprop="name">Einsteinium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Es</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">99</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">252.083</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">860</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.42</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹¹7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">19.7</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">Hex</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">14</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-15" itemscope itemid="Fm">
<dd itemprop="name">Fermium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Fm</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">100</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">257.0951</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1527</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹²7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">23.8</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">15</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-16" itemscope itemid="Md">
<dd itemprop="name">Mendelevium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Md</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">101</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">258.10</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">827</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.58</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹³7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">18.2</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">16</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-17" itemscope itemid="No">
<dd itemprop="name">Nobelium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">No</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">102</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">259.1009</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">827</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">6.65</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">1.3</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">2,3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">17.5</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">110</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">17</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td class="cell element">
<dl class="row-9 column-18" itemscope itemid="Lr">
<dd itemprop="name">Lawrencium</dd>
<dd itemprop="symbol">Lr</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_number">103</dd>
<dd class="active" itemprop="atomic_weight">262.11</dd>
<dd itemprop="atomic_volume">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="density">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="melting_point">1627</dd>
<dd itemprop="boiling_point">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="first_ionization_potential">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronegativity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="electronic_configuration">[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹7s²</dd>
<dd itemprop="oxidation_states">3</dd>
<dd itemprop="polarizability">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="ionic_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="crystal_structure">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_fusion">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_vaporization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="covalent_radius">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="thermal_conductivity">0.1</dd>
<dd itemprop="specific_heat_capacity">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="enthalpy_of_atomization">-</dd>
<dd itemprop="row">9</dd>
<dd itemprop="column">18</dd>
</dl>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<script src="/assets/courseware/v1/d78f6b70f51799f4ee44a9c475af837a/asset-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@asset+block/js_periodic-table.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
</div>
<div id="ap_listener_added"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@discussion+block@6f7a6670f87147149caeff6afa07a526">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-discussion" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-block-type="discussion" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@discussion+block@6f7a6670f87147149caeff6afa07a526" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<div class="page-banner"><div class="alert alert-warning"><span class="icon icon-alert fa fa fa-warning" aria-hidden="true"></span><div class="message-content">This content is only accessible to enrolled learners. Sign in or register, and enroll in this course to view it.</div></div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function (require) {
require(['/static/js/dateutil_factory.be68acdff619.js?raw'], function () {
require(['js/dateutil_factory'], function (DateUtilFactory) {
DateUtilFactory.transform('.localized-datetime');
});
});
}).call(this, require || RequireJS.require);
</script>
<script>
function emit_event(message) {
parent.postMessage(message, '*');
}
</script>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="vertical" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@vertical+block@vertical_98cf62510471" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@html+block@700x_pathways">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="html" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@html+block@700x_pathways" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<h2>ZOOMING DIAGRAMS</h2>
<p>Some edX classes use extremely large, extremely detailed graphics. To make it easier to understand we can offer two versions of those graphics, with the zoomed section showing when you click on the main view. </p>
<p>The example below is from <a href="https://www.edx.org/course/mit/7-00x/introduction-biology-secret-life/1014" target="_blank">7.00x: Introduction to Biology</a> and shows a subset of the biochemical reactions that cells carry out. </p>
<p>You can view the chemical structures of the molecules by clicking on them. The magnified view also lists the enzymes involved in each step.</p>
<div class="zooming-image-place" style="position: relative;">
<a class="loupe" href="//studio.edx.org/c4x/edX/DemoX/asset/pathways_detail_01.png">
<img alt="magnify" src="//studio.edx.org/c4x/edX/DemoX/asset/pathways_overview_01.png" />
</a>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="//studio.edx.org/c4x/edX/DemoX/asset/jquery.loupeAndLightbox.js" />
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[
JavascriptLoader.executeModuleScripts($('.zooming-image-place').eq(0), function() {
$('.loupe').loupeAndLightbox({
width: 350,
height: 350,
lightbox: false
});
});
// ]]></script>
<div id="ap_listener_added"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@discussion+block@e0d7423118ab432582d03e8e8dad8e36">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-discussion" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-block-type="discussion" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@discussion+block@e0d7423118ab432582d03e8e8dad8e36" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<div class="page-banner"><div class="alert alert-warning"><span class="icon icon-alert fa fa fa-warning" aria-hidden="true"></span><div class="message-content">This content is only accessible to enrolled learners. Sign in or register, and enroll in this course to view it.</div></div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function (require) {
require(['/static/js/dateutil_factory.be68acdff619.js?raw'], function () {
require(['js/dateutil_factory'], function (DateUtilFactory) {
DateUtilFactory.transform('.localized-datetime');
});
});
}).call(this, require || RequireJS.require);
</script>
<script>
function emit_event(message) {
parent.postMessage(message, '*');
}
</script>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="vertical" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@vertical+block@vertical_d32bf9b2242c" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@html+block@Lab_5B_Mosfet_Amplifier_Experiment">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-html xmodule_display xmodule_HtmlBlock" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="html" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@html+block@Lab_5B_Mosfet_Amplifier_Experiment" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "HTMLModule"}
</script>
<div class="script_placeholder" data-src="/assets/courseware/v1/d84827d799a14092b7cea070db9eb2f0/asset-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@asset+block/js_Lab_5B.js"/><h2>MOSFET AMPLIFIER EXPERIMENT</h2><p>This demonstration is to develop your intuition about
amplifiers and biasing, and to have fun with music! There are no responses
that need to be checked.</p><p>In the lab below, you will find:</p><ul><li><p>A circuit schematic of the MOSFET amplifier. You can use the sliders
to the left of the circuit to control various parameters of the MOSFET and
the amplifier.</p></li><li><p>A plot (as a function of time) of selected voltages from the amplifier
circuit. You can select the input waveform (e.g., sine wave, square wave,
various types of music) by using the \(v_\mathrm{IN}\)
drop-down menu and the associated sliders. (The parameter \(V_\mathrm{MAX}\)
sets the maximum range on the plots.)</p></li><li><p>The "Play" button which lets you listen to the selected voltage
waveform as sound. Try it out!</p></li></ul><section class="tool-wrapper"><div id="controlls-container"><div class="graph-controls"><div class="music-wrapper"><div id="graph-listen"><p>Listen to:</p><ul><li><label for="vinRadioButton"><input id="vinRadioButton" type="radio" checked="yes" name="listenToWhat"/>v<sub>IN</sub></label></li><li><label for="voutRadioButton"><input id="voutRadioButton" type="radio" name="listenToWhat"/>v<sub>OUT</sub></label></li><li><label for="vrRadioButton"><input id="vrRadioButton" type="radio" name="listenToWhat"/>v<sub>R</sub></label></li></ul></div><input id="playButton" type="button" value="Play"/></div><div class="inputs-wrapper"><p>Graph:</p><ul><li><label for="vinCheckbox"><input id="vinCheckbox" type="checkbox" checked="yes"/>v<sub>IN</sub></label></li><li><label for="voutCheckbox"><input id="voutCheckbox" type="checkbox" checked="yes"/>v<sub>OUT</sub></label></li><li><label for="vrCheckbox"><input id="vrCheckbox" type="checkbox"/>v<sub>R</sub></label></li></ul></div></div><div class="schematic-sliders"><div class="top-sliders"><p>v<sub>IN</sub>:</p><select id="musicTypeSelect" size="1"><option value="0">Zero Input</option><option value="1">Unit Impulse</option><option value="2">Unit Step</option><option selected="selected" value="3">Sine Wave</option><option value="4">Square Wave</option><option value="5">Classical Music</option><option value="6">Folk Music</option><option value="7">Jazz Music</option><option value="8">Reggae Music</option></select><div class="slider-label" id="vin"/><div class="slider" id="vinSlider"/><div class="slider-label" id="freq"/><div class="slider" id="freqSlider"/></div><div class="slider-label" id="vs"/><div class="slider" id="vsSlider"/><div class="slider-label" id="vbias"/><div class="slider" id="vbiasSlider"/><div class="slider-label" id="r"/><div class="slider" id="rSlider"/><div class="slider-label" id="k"/><div class="slider" id="kSlider"/><div class="slider-label" id="vt"/><div class="slider" id="vtSlider"/><div class="slider-label" id="vmax"/><div class="slider" id="vmaxSlider"/></div></div><div id="graph-container"><canvas id="graph" width="500" height="500">Your browser must support the Canvas element and have JavaScript enabled to view this tool.</canvas><canvas id="diag1" width="500" height="500">Your browser must support the Canvas element and have JavaScript enabled to view this tool.</canvas></div></section><br/><h2>Experiment 1: Distorted output</h2><p>Begin by selecting a sine wave input in the drop-down menu for \(v_\mathrm{IN}\).
Then, adjust the sliders to the baseline (default) setting shown below.</p><p>Baseline setting of sliders:</p><ul><li>Peak to peak voltage: \(v_\mathrm{IN}=3~\mathrm{V}\),</li><li>Frequency: \(f = 1000~\mathrm{Hz}\),</li><li>Supply voltage: \(V_\mathrm{S}=1.6~\mathrm{V}\),</li><li>Input bias voltage: \(V_\mathrm{BIAS}=2.5~\mathrm{V}\),</li><li>Pull-up resistor: \(R = 10~\mathrm{k}\Omega\),</li><li>MOSFET parameter: \(K=\frac{1~\mathrm{mA}}{\mathrm{V}^2}\),</li><li>MOSFET threshold voltage: \(V_\mathrm{T} = 1~\mathrm{V}\),</li><li>Vertical plot range: \(V_\mathrm{MAX} = 2~\mathrm{V}\).</li></ul><p>You should observe in the plot that with the baseline settings,
the amplifier produces a distorted sine wave signal for
\(v_{OUT}\). Next, go ahead and select one of the music signals as the input and
listen to each of \(v_{IN}\) and \(v_{OUT}\), and confirm for yourself that the
output sounds degraded at the chosen slider settings. You will notice
that the graph now plots the music signal waveforms. Think about the
reasons why the amplifier is producing a distorted output.</p><h2>Experiment 2: Linear regime</h2><p>We now study the amplifier's small signal
behavior. Select a sine wave as the input signal. To study the small
signal behavior, reduce the value of \(v_{IN}\) to 0.1V (peak-to-peak) by
using the \(v_{IN}\) slider. Keeping the rest of the parameters at their
baseline settings, derive an appropriate value of \(V_{BIAS}\) that will ensure
saturation region operation for the MOSFET for the 0.1V peak-to-peak swing
for \(v_{IN}\). Make sure to think about both positive and negative excursions
of the signals.</p><p>Next, use the \(V_{BIAS}\) slider to choose your computed value for \(V_{BIAS}\) and
see if the observed plot of \(v_{OUT}\) is more-or-less distortion free. If
your calculation was right, then the output will indeed be distortion free.</p><p>Next, select one of the music signals as the input and listen to each of
\(v_{IN}\) and \(v_{OUT}\), and confirm for yourself that the output sounds much
better than in Experiment 1. Also, based on sound volume, convince yourself that \(v_{OUT}\) is
an amplified version of \(v_{IN}\).</p><h2>Experiment 3: Your settings</h2><p>Now go ahead and experiment with various other settings while listening
to the music signal at \(v_{OUT}\). Observe the plots and listen to \(v_{OUT}\) as
you change, for example, the bias voltage \(V_{BIAS}\). You will notice that
the amplifier distorts the input signal when \(V_{BIAS}\) becomes too small, or
when it becomes too large. You can also experiment with various values of
\(v_{IN}\), \(R_{L}\), etc., and see how they affect the amplification and distortion.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vert vert-1" data-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@discussion+block@03f051f9a8814881a3783d2511613aa6">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-discussion" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-block-type="discussion" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@discussion+block@03f051f9a8814881a3783d2511613aa6" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<div class="page-banner"><div class="alert alert-warning"><span class="icon icon-alert fa fa fa-warning" aria-hidden="true"></span><div class="message-content">This content is only accessible to enrolled learners. Sign in or register, and enroll in this course to view it.</div></div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function (require) {
require(['/static/js/dateutil_factory.be68acdff619.js?raw'], function () {
require(['js/dateutil_factory'], function (DateUtilFactory) {
DateUtilFactory.transform('.localized-datetime');
});
});
}).call(this, require || RequireJS.require);
</script>
<script>
function emit_event(message) {
parent.postMessage(message, '*');
}
</script>
</div>
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-vertical" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="VerticalStudentView" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="vertical" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@vertical+block@4e592689563243c484af947465eaef0d" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<div class="vert-mod">
<div class="vert vert-0" data-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@video+block@af7fe1335eb841cd81ce31c7ee8eb069">
<div class="xblock xblock-public_view xblock-public_view-video xmodule_display xmodule_VideoBlock" data-course-id="course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course" data-init="XBlockToXModuleShim" data-runtime-class="LmsRuntime" data-runtime-version="1" data-block-type="video" data-usage-id="block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@video+block@af7fe1335eb841cd81ce31c7ee8eb069" data-request-token="76da42a805ff11ef9fc103f67dd08479" data-graded="False" data-has-score="False">
<script type="json/xblock-args" class="xblock-json-init-args">
{"xmodule-type": "Video"}
</script>
<h3 class="hd hd-2">Video</h3>
<div
id="video_af7fe1335eb841cd81ce31c7ee8eb069"
class="video closed"
data-metadata='{"autoAdvance": false, "autohideHtml5": false, "autoplay": false, "captionDataDir": null, "completionEnabled": false, "completionPercentage": 5000, "duration": 0.0, "end": 0.0, "generalSpeed": 1.0, "lmsRootURL": "https://sandbox.openedu.tw", "poster": null, "prioritizeHls": false, "publishCompletionUrl": "/courses/course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course/xblock/block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@video+block@af7fe1335eb841cd81ce31c7ee8eb069/handler/publish_completion", "recordedYoutubeIsAvailable": true, "savedVideoPosition": 0.0, "saveStateEnabled": false, "saveStateUrl": "/courses/course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course/xblock/block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@video+block@af7fe1335eb841cd81ce31c7ee8eb069/handler/xmodule_handler/save_user_state", "showCaptions": "true", "sources": [], "speed": null, "start": 0.0, "streams": "1.00:3_yD_cEKoCk", "transcriptAvailableTranslationsUrl": "/courses/course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course/xblock/block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@video+block@af7fe1335eb841cd81ce31c7ee8eb069/handler/transcript/available_translations", "transcriptLanguage": "en", "transcriptLanguages": {"en": "English"}, "transcriptTranslationUrl": "/courses/course-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course/xblock/block-v1:edX+DemoX+Demo_Course+type@video+block@af7fe1335eb841cd81ce31c7ee8eb069/handler/transcript/translation/__lang__", "ytApiUrl": "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api", "ytMetadataEndpoint": "", "ytTestTimeout": 1500}'
data-bumper-metadata='null'
data-autoadvance-enabled="False"
data-poster='null'
tabindex="-1"
>
<div class="focus_grabber first"></div>
<div class="tc-wrapper">
<div class="video-wrapper">
<span tabindex="0" class="spinner" aria-hidden="false" aria-label="Loading video player"></span>
<span tabindex="-1" class="btn-play fa fa-youtube-play fa-2x is-hidden" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Play video"></span>
<div class="video-player-pre"></div>
<div class="video-player">
<div id="af7fe1335eb841cd81ce31c7ee8eb069"></div>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-error is-hidden">No playable video sources found.</h4>
<h4 class="hd hd-4 video-hls-error is-hidden">
Your browser does not support this video format. Try using a different browser.
</h4>
</div>
<div class="video-player-post"></div>
<div class="closed-captions"></div>
<div class="video-controls is-hidden">
<div>
<div class="vcr"><div class="vidtime">0:00 / 0:00</div></div>
<div class="secondary-controls"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="focus_grabber last"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function (require) {
require(['/static/js/dateutil_factory.be68acdff619.js?raw'], function () {
require(['js/dateutil_factory'], function (DateUtilFactory) {
DateUtilFactory.transform('.localized-datetime');
});
});
}).call(this, require || RequireJS.require);
</script>
<script>
function emit_event(message) {
parent.postMessage(message, '*');
}
</script>
</div>